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ai-risk-ontology

An ontology describing AI systems and their risks

URI: https://ibm.github.io/risk-atlas-nexus/ontology/ai-risk-ontology

Name: ai-risk-ontology

Classes

Class Description
Any
Container An umbrella object that holds the ontology class instances
Entity A generic grouping for any identifiable entity
        Action Action to remediate a risk
        Adapter Adapter-based methods add extra trainable parameters after the attention and ...
        AiEval An AI Evaluation, e
                Question An evaluation where a question has to be answered
                Questionnaire A questionnaire groups questions
        AiEvalResult The result of an evaluation for a specific AI model
        AiLifecyclePhase A Phase of AI lifecycle which indicates evolution of the system from concepti...
                AiModelValidation AI model validation steps that have been performed after the model training t...
                DataPreprocessing Data transformations, such as PI filtering, performed to ensure high quality ...
        AiTask A task, such as summarization and classification, performed by an AI
        BaseAi Any type of AI, be it a LLM, RL agent, SVM, etc
                AiModel A base AI Model class
                        LargeLanguageModel A large language model (LLM) is an AI model which supports a range of languag...
                AiSystem A compound AI System composed of one or more AI capablities
                        AiAgent An artificial intelligence (AI) agent refers to a system or program that is c...
        BenchmarkMetadataCard Benchmark metadata cards offer a standardized way to document LLM benchmarks ...
        Consequence
        Dataset A body of structured information describing some topic(s) of interest
        Documentation Documented information about a concept or other topic(s) of interest
        Impact
        IncidentStatus
                IncidentConcludedclass
                IncidentHaltedclass
                IncidentMitigatedclass
                IncidentNearMissclass
                IncidentOngoingclass
        Input Input for which the system or component generates output
        LargeLanguageModelFamily A large language model family is a set of models that are provided by the sam...
        License The general notion of a license which defines terms and grants permissions to...
        Likelihood
        LLMIntrinsic A capability that can be invoked through a well-defined API that is reasonabl...
        Modality A modality supported by an Ai component
        Organization Any organizational entity such as a corporation, educational institution, con...
                AiOffice The EU AI Office (https://digital-strategy
                AiProvider A provider under the AI Act is defined by Article 3(3) as a natural or legal ...
        Risk The state of uncertainty associated with an AI system, that has the potential...
        RiskConcept An umbrella term for refering to risk, risk source, consequence and impact
        RiskControl A measure that maintains and/or modifies risk (and risk concepts)
        RiskGroup A group of AI system related risks that are part of a risk taxonomy
        RiskIncident An event occuring or occured which is a realised or materialised risk
        RiskTaxonomy A taxonomy of AI system related risks
        Severity
        Term A term and its definitions
        Vocabulary A collection of terms, with their definitions and relationships
Fact A fact about something, for example the result of a measurement

Slots

Slot Description
actions A list of risk related actions
adapters A list of Adapters
aievalresults A list of AI evaluation results
aimodelfamilies A list of AI model families
aimodels A list of AI models
aitasks A list of AI tasks
architecture A description of the architecture of an AI such as 'Decoder-only'
author The author or authors of the documentation
benchmarkmetadatacards A list of AI evaluation benchmark metadata cards
bestValue Annotation of the best possible result of the evaluation
broadMatch The property is used to state a hierarchical mapping link between two concept...
carbon_emitted The number of tons of carbon dioxide equivalent that are emitted during train...
closeMatch The property is used to link two concepts that are sufficiently similar that ...
concern Some explanation about the concern related to an AI risk
contextWindowSize The total length, in bytes, of an AI model's context window
datasets A list of data sets
dateCreated The date on which the entity was created
dateModified The date on which the entity was most recently modified
describesAiEval A relationship where a BenchmarkMetadataCard describes and AI evaluation (ben...
description The description of an entity
descriptor Annotates whether an AI risk is a traditional risk, specific to or amplified ...
detectsRiskConcept The property airo:detectsRiskConcept indicates the control used for detecting...
documents A list of documents
evaluations A list of AI evaluation methods
evidence Evidence provides a source (typical a chunk, paragraph or link) describing wh...
exactMatch The property is used to link two concepts, indicating a high degree of confid...
fine_tuning A description of the fine-tuning mechanism(s) applied to a model
gpu_hours GPU consumption in terms of hours
grants_license A relationship from a granting entity such as an Organization to a License in...
hasAdapter The Adapter for the intrinsic
hasAdapterType The Adapter type, for example: LORA, ALORA, X-LORA
hasAiActorTask Pertinent AI Actor Tasks for each subcategory
hasAnnotation The process used to annotate or label the dataset, including who or what perf...
hasAudience The intended audience, such as researchers, developers, policymakers, etc
hasBaselineResults The results of well-known or widely used models to give context to new perfor...
hasBenchmarkMetadata A relationship to a Benchmark Metadata Card which contains metadata about the...
hasCalculation The way metrics are computed based on model outputs and the benchmark data
hasConsequence Indicates consequence(s) possible or arising from specified concept
hasConsiderationComplianceWithRegulations Compliance with relevant legal or ethical regulations (if applicable)
hasConsiderationConsentProcedures Information on how consent was obtained (if applicable), especially for datas...
hasConsiderationPrivacyAndAnonymity How any personal or sensitive data is handled and whether any anonymization t...
hasDataFormat The structure and modality of the data (e
hasDataset A relationship to datasets that are used
hasDataSize The size of the dataset, including the number of data points or examples
hasDataSource The origin or source of the data used in the benchmark (e
hasDataType The type of data used in the benchmark (e
hasDemographicAnalysis How the benchmark evaluates performance across different demographic groups (...
hasDocumentation Indicates documentation associated with an entity
hasDomains The specific domains or areas where the benchmark is applied (e
hasEuAiSystemType The type of system as defined by the EU AI Act
hasEuRiskCategory The risk category of an AI system as defined by the EU AI Act
hasEvaluation A relationship indicating that an entity has an AI evaluation result
hasGoal The specific goal or primary use case the benchmark is designed for
hasImpact Indicates impact(s) possible or arising as consequences from specified concep...
hasImpactOn Indicates impact(s) possible or arising as consequences from specified concep...
hasImplementation A relationship to a implementation defining the risk evaluation
hasInputModality A relationship indicating the input modalities supported by an AI component
hasInterpretation How users should interpret the scores or results from the metrics
hasLanguages The languages included in the dataset used by the benchmark (e
hasLicense Indicates licenses associated with a resource
hasLikelihood The likelihood or probability or chance of something taking place or occuring
hasLimitations Limitations in evaluating or addressing risks, such as gaps in demographic co...
hasMethods The evaluation techniques applied within the benchmark
hasMetrics The specific performance metrics used to assess models (e
hasModelCard A relationship to model card references
hasOutOfScopeUses Use cases where the benchmark is not designed to be applied and could give mi...
hasOutputModality A relationship indicating the output modalities supported by an AI component
hasParentDefinition Indicates parent terms associated with a term
hasPart A relationship where an entity has another entity
hasRelatedAction A relationship where an entity relates to an action
hasRelatedRisk A relationship where an entity relates to a risk
hasRelatedTerm A relationship where an entity relates to a term
hasResources Links to relevant resources, such as repositories or papers related to the be...
hasRiskControl Indicates the control measures associated with a system or component to modif...
hasSeverity Indicates the severity associated with a concept
hasSimilarBenchmarks Benchmarks that are closely related in terms of goals or data type
hasStatus Indicates the status of specified concept
hasSubDefinition Indicates child terms associated with a term
hasTasks The tasks or evaluations the benchmark is intended to assess
hasTerm Indicates terms associated with a vocabulary
hasTrainingData A relationship indicating the datasets an AI model was trained on
hasUnitxtCard A relationship to a Unitxt card defining the risk evaluation
hasValidation Measures taken to ensure that the benchmark provides valid and reliable evalu...
hasVariant Indicates an incident that shares the same causative factors, produces simila...
id A unique identifier to this instance of the model element
isComposedOf Relationship indicating the some entity is composed of other entities (includ...
isDefinedByTaxonomy A relationship where a risk or a risk group is defined by a risk taxonomy
isDefinedByVocabulary A relationship where a term or a term group is defined by a vocabulary
isDeployedBy A relationship indicating that an entity has been deployed by an organization
isDetectedBy A relationship where a risk, risk source, consequence, or impact is detected ...
isDistributedBy A relationship indicating that an entity has been distributed by an organizat...
isImportedBy A relationship indicating that an entity has been imported by an organization
isPartOf A relationship where an entity is part of another entity
isProvidedBy A relationship indicating the AI model has been provided by an AI model provi...
isResultOf A relationship indicating that an entity is the result of an AI evaluation
licenses A list of licenses
llmintrinsics A list of LLMintrinsics
modalities A list of AI modalities
name A text name of this instance
narrowMatch The property is used to state a hierarchical mapping link between two concept...
numParameters A property indicating the number of parameters in a LLM
numTrainingTokens The number of tokens a AI model was trained on
organizations A list of organizations
overview A brief description of the benchmark's main goals and scope
performsTask relationship indicating the AI tasks an AI model can perform
phase Annotation whether an AI risk shows specifically during the training-tuning o...
power_consumption_w power consumption in Watts
producer A relationship to the Organization instance which produces this instance
provider A relationship to the Organization instance that provides this instance
refersToRisk Indicates the incident (subject) is a materialisation of the indicated risk (...
relatedMatch The property skos:relatedMatch is used to state an associative mapping link b...
riskcontrols A list of AI risk controls
riskgroups A list of AI risk groups
riskincidents A list of AI risk incidents
risks A list of AI risks
source_uri The uri of the incident
supported_languages A list of languages, expressed as ISO two letter codes
tag A shost version of the name
taxonomies A list of AI risk taxonomies
terms A list of terms from a vocabulary
text The question itself
training_data_preprocessing relationship indicating data preprocessing steps performed on training data s...
type Annotation whether an AI risk occurs at input or output or is non-technical
url An optional URL associated with this instance
validated_by A relationship indicating the model validation steps after AI model training
value Some numeric or string value
version The version of the entity embodied by a specified resource
vocabularies A list of vocabularies

Enumerations

Enumeration Description
AdapterType
AiSystemType
EuAiRiskCategory

Types

Type Description
Boolean A binary (true or false) value
Curie a compact URI
Date a date (year, month and day) in an idealized calendar
DateOrDatetime Either a date or a datetime
Datetime The combination of a date and time
Decimal A real number with arbitrary precision that conforms to the xsd:decimal speci...
Double A real number that conforms to the xsd:double specification
Float A real number that conforms to the xsd:float specification
Integer An integer
Jsonpath A string encoding a JSON Path
Jsonpointer A string encoding a JSON Pointer
Ncname Prefix part of CURIE
Nodeidentifier A URI, CURIE or BNODE that represents a node in a model
Objectidentifier A URI or CURIE that represents an object in the model
Sparqlpath A string encoding a SPARQL Property Path
String A character string
Time A time object represents a (local) time of day, independent of any particular...
Uri a complete URI
Uriorcurie a URI or a CURIE

Subsets

Subset Description